Description

The Datsun Ambulance was a specialized adaptation of Nissan’s early commercial vehicles, particularly from the 1950s and 1960s. These ambulances were typically based on standard Datsun models such as the 112, 114, or light trucks and vans from the 220 and 320 series. Designed to serve hospitals and public health services in postwar Japan, these vehicles were modified to carry patients and medical staff over short to moderate distances.

Mechanically, the ambulances used compact four-cylinder engines ranging from 1.0 to 1.2 litres, producing between 37 and 60 horsepower depending on the base model. Though not powerful, these engines were reliable and economical, which suited the ambulance’s role in urban and rural environments. Rear-wheel drive and a leaf-spring suspension at the back allowed for durability and moderate comfort on uneven roads.

The ambulance conversions featured a raised roof to allow for more headroom in the rear compartment, where stretchers and medical personnel would be accommodated. The interior was often simple and functional, with stretcher mounts, minimal seating for attendants, and compartments for basic medical equipment. Rear or side-hinged doors enabled quick loading and unloading of patients, while some units included a red cross emblem and a roof-mounted light or siren for identification and emergency use.

These ambulances were mainly used by local hospitals, municipalities, and small clinics, particularly in areas where larger American-style emergency vehicles were impractical. Their compact dimensions made them ideal for navigating narrow streets and congested city areas in Japan. In some export markets, particularly in Southeast Asia and Africa, Datsun ambulances found use in rural medical services due to their ease of maintenance and availability of parts.

Although they were utilitarian and not mass-produced in large numbers, Datsun ambulances played a key role in improving access to emergency medical care in Japan during a period of rapid development. Today, surviving examples are extremely rare and are mostly seen in historical archives or automotive museums. They represent an important but often overlooked part of Datsun’s early commercial vehicle and public service legacy.