Description
The De Dion-Bouton BO 175 was a compact utility vehicle introduced in the early 1920s, reflecting the manufacturer’s growing commitment to light commercial transport. As De Dion-Bouton transitioned from its pre-war dominance in private cars and motor tricycles to a broader industrial focus, models like the BO 175 were developed to meet the increasing need for small, reliable delivery vans and service vehicles in France and abroad.
The BO 175 was powered by a small-displacement four-cylinder petrol engine, mounted at the front. It had a capacity of around 1.75 litres, hence the designation “175” in its name. The engine produced approximately 10 to 12 horsepower and was water-cooled, with side valves and a magneto ignition system. Although modest in output, it was engineered for durability and fuel efficiency—key concerns for commercial users operating in urban environments.
The gearbox was typically a three-speed manual, and power was transmitted to the rear wheels via a shaft drive. This system, which had largely replaced chain drives in De Dion-Bouton’s designs by the 1920s, offered improved reliability and less frequent maintenance. The BO 175 was capable of modest speeds suitable for city driving and local deliveries, usually not exceeding 45 to 50 km/h under load.
The chassis was simple but robust, with a ladder frame construction supporting either a flatbed or closed van body. These bodies were often custom-fitted by coachbuilders depending on customer needs, including options for enclosed delivery wagons, utility boxes, or even simple cab-and-chassis setups. The vehicle’s payload capacity was typically around 500 kilograms, making it ideal for small businesses such as bakeries, butchers, and tradesmen.
Suspension consisted of semi-elliptic leaf springs on both the front and rear axles, providing basic ride comfort while supporting the weight of cargo. Braking was mechanical, usually limited to the rear wheels and sometimes aided by a transmission brake. This was standard for light utility vehicles of the time, which operated mostly at low speeds in relatively predictable traffic conditions.
The driver’s compartment was minimalist, with seating for one or two people and few instruments—usually a speedometer and basic engine indicators. Visibility was good due to the upright windshield and open or partially enclosed cab, and steering was generally light, aided by a large steering wheel and low-speed gearing.
The De Dion-Bouton BO 175 played an important role in helping small enterprises modernise their transport needs in the postwar period. It was relatively affordable, easy to repair, and economical to operate. Although not as widely distributed as some competitors, it found a niche in urban and semi-rural areas across France and parts of Europe.
Today, the BO 175 is a rare survivor, but it offers valuable insight into the early evolution of commercial motor vehicles. Examples that have been restored or preserved are often displayed at historic vehicle shows and in museums dedicated to early 20th-century motoring and industrial history. The model stands as a testament to De Dion-Bouton’s adaptability and continued innovation during a transformative era in transport.