Classic Car Wiki

Introduction to Jowett

Jowett was a British car manufacturer based in Bradford, West Yorkshire, known for producing durable and lightweight vehicles with innovative engineering. Founded in the early 20th century, Jowett gained a strong reputation for reliability and efficiency, particularly through the interwar years and the post-WWII period. Although the company ultimately ceased car production in the 1950s, its cars—especially the Javelin and Jupiter—remain highly regarded by classic car enthusiasts today.

Early History

Founding (1901–1906)

Jowett was founded in 1901 by brothers Benjamin and William Jowett along with Arthur V. Lamb. Initially, the company manufactured engines and cycle parts under the name Jowett Motor Manufacturing Company. In 1906, the business became more focused on developing complete automobiles, and the first Jowett car prototype emerged by 1906, though production would not begin until later.

First Production Models (1910–1914)

Jowett produced its first proper car in 1910, the **Jowett 7hp**, powered by a flat twin engine—a layout the company would continue to use for many years. The car was simple, rugged, and efficient, making it ideal for the rural areas of Britain. These early models quickly earned a reputation for durability and practicality.

Interwar Years and Expansion

World War I Contributions

During World War I, Jowett focused on war-related manufacturing, particularly for military equipment and vehicles. Following the war, the company resumed car production and experienced increasing demand.

1920s Growth

In the 1920s, Jowett cars became increasingly popular, and production expanded. The **Jowett 7/17hp** and **8hp models** were successful, continuing the use of horizontally opposed twin-cylinder engines. The company moved to a new factory in Idle, Bradford, to accommodate higher production levels.

1930s Refinement

Jowett continued to produce reliable, small-displacement cars during the 1930s. New models like the **Jowett 8hp Twin** and **Jowett Ten** were launched, maintaining the firm’s traditional engineering approach. These vehicles were known for their excellent fuel economy and were particularly suited to the British countryside.

World War II and Post-War Revival

Wartime Production

As with many British manufacturers, car production was suspended during World War II. Jowett contributed to the war effort by building aircraft parts, particularly for the Avro Anson and other aircraft components.

Javelin Launch (1947)

After the war, Jowett made a dramatic shift in direction with the introduction of the **Jowett Javelin**, a sleek and modern saloon car designed by Gerald Palmer. It featured a water-cooled, flat-four overhead valve engine and advanced features for its time, such as aerodynamic styling and torsion-bar front suspension. The Javelin was both fast and practical, marking a significant departure from Jowett’s conservative past.

Jupiter Roadster (1950)

Building on the Javelin’s success, Jowett introduced the **Jupiter**, a two-seater sports car with the same flat-four engine and a tubular chassis designed by Eberan von Eberhorst, who had worked with Auto Union racing cars. The Jupiter performed well in motorsport, winning its class at Le Mans in 1950, 1951, and 1952.

Decline and Closure

Production Challenges

Despite the innovative designs of the Javelin and Jupiter, Jowett faced production delays and supply chain issues—particularly after they lost their engine casting supplier. The company had to bring engine production in-house, which further strained its resources. Delays in deliveries affected customer confidence and dealer support.

End of Car Production (1954)

Mounting financial difficulties led Jowett to cease car production in 1954. The last cars built were primarily unsold stock or spare parts assembled into complete vehicles. While Jowett Motors Ltd continued to operate in a limited capacity for some time afterward, car manufacturing never resumed.

Important Jowett Models

Jowett 7hp (1910–1914)

The original production model and the foundation of Jowett’s reputation for simplicity and reliability.

Jowett 8hp and 7/17hp (1920s)

Lightweight, efficient cars that gained popularity in rural and small-town Britain, ideal for basic transportation needs.

Jowett Ten (1930s)

A more refined small car of the 1930s that helped keep Jowett afloat during a difficult economic period.

Jowett Javelin (1947–1953)

A landmark design for Jowett, the Javelin was modern, aerodynamic, and surprisingly fast. It marked a clear shift toward innovation in post-war British motoring.

Jowett Jupiter (1950–1954)

A sports car based on Javelin engineering, the Jupiter achieved significant motorsport success and remains highly collectible today.

Legacy

Though Jowett ceased car production in 1954, its impact on British motoring history is lasting. The Javelin and Jupiter in particular are remembered for their forward-thinking design and performance. Enthusiasts today maintain and showcase Jowett vehicles through clubs and classic car events, ensuring that the brand’s legacy endures.

Jowett’s story is emblematic of many smaller British automakers: beginning with humble, innovative roots; navigating war, economic shifts, and industrial challenges; and ultimately leaving behind a catalog of well-engineered, characterful vehicles that still inspire admiration.