Classic Car Wiki

Introduction to Lincoln

Lincoln is the luxury vehicle division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company. Founded in 1917 by Henry M. Leland, Lincoln has built a reputation for crafting premium automobiles known for their refinement, comfort, and classic American styling. Over the decades, Lincoln has served as the official state car for many U.S. presidents and has been a symbol of prestige and American luxury.

Founding and Acquisition by Ford (1917–1922)

The Lincoln Motor Company was established by Henry Leland and his son Wilfred in 1917, named after Abraham Lincoln, whom Leland admired. The company initially produced Liberty aircraft engines for World War I. After the war, Lincoln shifted to manufacturing luxury cars, but financial difficulties followed. In 1922, Ford Motor Company purchased Lincoln for $8 million.

Early Models

• Lincoln Model L (1920–1930) – The first production car from Lincoln, known for its precision and luxury.
• Lincoln K-Series (1931–1940) – High-end models offered with V12 engines and custom coachwork.

Lincoln-Zephyr and Streamlining (1936–1942)

In the mid-1930s, Lincoln introduced the Zephyr, a more affordable mid-range luxury car designed to compete with brands like LaSalle and Packard. The Zephyr’s streamlined design and V12 engine made it a success and influenced future Lincoln styling.

Key Models

• Lincoln Zephyr (1936–1942) – A stylish, aerodynamic sedan with advanced engineering for its time.
• Lincoln Continental (1940) – Originally a custom car built for Edsel Ford, it became an icon of American design and marked the beginning of the legendary Continental nameplate.

Post-War Expansion and Prestige (1945–1960s)

After World War II, Lincoln reemerged with redesigned vehicles and a strong emphasis on luxury. The brand became associated with executive class and political figures. The Continental became a flagship name, evolving with sophisticated styling and innovation.

Presidential Use

Lincoln limousines were used by multiple U.S. presidents, cementing the brand’s prestige. President John F. Kennedy’s 1961 Lincoln Continental convertible became historically significant after his assassination in Dallas in 1963.

Important Models

• Lincoln Continental (1958–1960) – Large, ornate luxury cars with bold styling.
• Lincoln Continental (1961–1969) – Noted for its clean, slab-sided design by Elwood Engel and rear-hinged “suicide” doors.

1970s–1990s: Luxury Evolution and Market Challenges

The 1970s brought greater emphasis on personal luxury coupes and high-end sedans. Lincoln vehicles were large, powerful, and laden with features. However, the fuel crises and rising competition from European and Japanese luxury brands began to reshape the market.

Key Vehicles

• Lincoln Continental Mark III (1969–1971) – A personal luxury coupe competing directly with the Cadillac Eldorado.
• Lincoln Town Car (1981–2011) – Introduced as a full-size, rear-wheel-drive sedan, it became a staple for limousine and executive transport for decades.
• Lincoln Mark Series (1956–1998) – A series of personal luxury coupes with a strong identity and consistent following.

2000s: Redefining American Luxury

In the 2000s, Lincoln worked to redefine its image amid declining sales and shifting consumer tastes. SUVs began to dominate the U.S. market, prompting Lincoln to pivot towards upscale crossovers and utility vehicles.

New Directions

• Lincoln Navigator (1998–present) – A full-size luxury SUV that helped define the segment and remains a strong seller.
• Lincoln MKZ (2006–2020) – A mid-size luxury sedan that aimed to compete with Lexus and Acura models.
• Lincoln MKT and MKX (2009–2019) – Early luxury crossovers that shaped the brand’s modern SUV lineup.

2010s–Present: Return to Elegance and Identity

Lincoln underwent a major brand overhaul in the 2010s, moving away from the “MK” alphanumeric naming system and reintroducing classic model names. Emphasis shifted toward quiet luxury, elegant interiors, and advanced technology.

Modern Models

• Lincoln Continental (2017–2020) – A revival of the historic nameplate with contemporary luxury features.
• Lincoln Aviator (2020–present) – A mid-size luxury SUV with strong performance and hybrid options.
• Lincoln Corsair (2020–present) – A compact luxury SUV aimed at a younger demographic.

Electrification and Innovation

Lincoln has announced plans for a fully electric lineup by 2030, aligning with Ford’s broader EV strategy. Concepts and production vehicles under development include all-electric crossovers featuring next-generation infotainment, connectivity, and autonomous driving technologies.

Legacy and Cultural Significance

Lincoln remains a symbol of American luxury and craftsmanship. Known for its connection to U.S. presidents, its classic designs, and its commitment to comfort, the brand has weathered market changes while maintaining a distinct identity. Though it now faces intense global competition, Lincoln continues to evolve as a modern luxury brand rooted in tradition.